Hydrophilic so less prone to cause CNS affects. A second line therapy for acute symptomatic bradycardias if a patient fails atropine. It can also be used to rectify https://sober-house.org/symptoms-of-alcohol-withdrawal-timeline-and-signs-2/ torsades. It is usually given as a “wide open” infusion in emergent bradycardic situations, and then once a response is seen, the dose will be tapered.
Pronunciation of drugs correctly?
Indicated in hypertensive urgency, like Hydralazine, and is commonly prescribed to renal failure patients on dialysis. It has a side effect of hypertrichosis (excessive growth of body hair) and in the 1980s began to be marketed as the topical preparation Rogaine®. An osmotic diuretic (structurally similar to caffeine).
Difficult-to-Pronounce Drug Names
I strongly recommend the USP Dictionary Online for generic drug name pronunciations. Hi I need resources or tips on how to pronounce the medications name correctly, can you guys please provide a way for me ? Please I really need to learn the correct pronunciation of it so the patients and co workers both understand and as well myself. A Potassium sparing diuretic, indicated in HTN. Frequently used in combination with thiazide diuretics if a patient becomes hypokalemic but is still deriving benefit from the thiazide.
Clinical Pharmacy
The class has fallen out of favor due to findings of the ALLHAT trial that demonstrated a 25% increase in cardiovascular events if used to treat HTN. The class has a niche however in the treatment of patients who are hypertensive and have BPH. Stimulates α2 receptors and decreases concentrations of NE. It is indicated for hypertensive urgency but it must be used with a diuretic. If discontinued abruptly a “discontinuation syndrome” can develop due to sympathetic hyperactivity. Signs and symptoms include anxiety, tachycardia, H/A, tremor, muscle pain and N/V.
Indicated for SVT, V-tach and in emergency situations involving ischemia and hypoprofusion (eg; shock, HF). It is usually used in acute care due to its short half life (9min). The most concerning side effect is hypotension.
Procainamide undergoes polymorphic metabolism. Possible side effects include a lupus-like reaction, which is more common in slow acetylators, as well as hypotension and torsades (due to the widening of the QRS interval). An Angiotensin receptor antagonist (ARB) and a representative of its class. Blocks activation of angiotensin II by binding to angiotensin I receptors.
- It is also indicated as an adjunct for glaucoma, which is the most frequent usage of this class of drugs.
- Like Atorvastatin, it is used to lower LDLc.
- Sympathomimetic ionotrope, stimulating both α and β receptors.
- Possible side effects include a lupus-like reaction, which is more common in slow acetylators, as well as hypotension and torsades (due to the widening of the QRS interval).
- A thiazide diuretic and the representative of its class.
This is an older generation of cholesterol lowering drugs, which bind up bile salts in the GI tract and cause their excretion, thus blocking the absorption of cholesterol. They are not frequently prescribed and were much more popular before the statins were available. The class as a whole moderately lowers LDL and may have some positive effects on HDL. The main problem with BAS is their propensity to cause GI distress. This is an unavoidable side effect mediated through the drugs mechanism of action.
In August 2015, a new 3-dimensional formulation of levetiracetam (Spiritam) was developed. They aren’t always pronouncedthe way they look, and sounding them out doesn’t alwayswork. The tworesources I use most often are the USP Dictionary Online(USAN) and the FDA’s website. They aren’t always pronounced the way they look, and sounding them out doesn’t always work.
The two resources I use most often are the USP Dictionary Online (USAN) and the FDA’s website. A ß-Lactamase Inhibitor used in combination with Ampicillin in parenteral preparations in a variety of infections. older adults national institute on alcohol abuse and alcoholism niaaa Can be used as an antihypertensive in children, but in adults is a psychotropic agent used in refractory conditions. Cholestyramine is available in a powder that is often mixed with orange juice.
Indicated in patients post MI/stent placement. Clopidogrel irreversibly inactivates the platelet, thus the half life of the drug is moot, the effect lasts for the life of the platelet (7-10 days). Clopidogrel is a prodrug and requires https://rehabliving.net/teetotalism-wikipedia/ activation via hepatic transaminases (specifically CYP3A4). The drug should not be used in patients with CAD and no history of MI/stent placement due to an increased risk of bleeding. The drug of choice in these patients is Aspirin.
An acid stable Penicillin, used in oral preparations. Unlike the statins the fibrates do not substantially lower LDLc, but are used to lower triglycerides (TG) and raise HDLc. Tricor is an improvement over the first generation fibrate, Gemfibrozil, due to its decreased likelihood to cause rhabdomyolosis when used in combination with the statins. Dicloxacillin is a ß-lactamase resistant and acid stable Penicillin. Cycloserine has a broad spectrum but is mostly used as a second line Anti TB agent. Its toxicities include CNS disturbances, anxiety, confusion and drowsiness.
An Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I). Blocks ACE leading to decrease in angiotensin II, decrease in aldosterone, inhibition of bradykinin breakdown and increases in vasodilatory prostaglandins. Lisinopril is representative of its class and the most commonly prescribed ACE-I. It is one of the newer generation agents and does not require a test dose like Captopril. ACE-I are the agents of choice for patients with HTN and concomitant diabetes due to the positive effects of these drugs on the kidney. The primary side effect of concern is a dry cough.
Warfarin is the only anticoagulant available PO. It irreversibly inhibits vitamin K dependent clotting factors (II, VII, IX, X), as well as protein C and S (the body’s endogenous vitamin K dependent anticoagulants). The drug is cleared hepatically via CYP2C9 and its half life is the length of the vitamin K dependent factors (the longest being factor II with a half life of 60 hours).
